High-pressure granulite from Western Kunlun,northwestern China: Its metamorphic evolution,zircon SHRIMP U-Pb ages and tectonic implication

High-pressure mafic granulites occurring as lenticular bodies within garnet-amphibolites in Kangxiwar Fault have been first reported in this paper. The P-T conditions of two metamorphic stages were ob-tained using calibrated geothermal barometers and ThermoCalc Program. The peak metamorphic con-dition of these high-pressure granulites is about 760―820℃,1.0―1.2 GPa and the retrograde meta-morphic condition is about 620―720℃,0.7―0.8 GPa. The petrological studies show that they have a near-isobaric cooling P-T...     

藏南扎西康铅锌锑银多金属矿床地质特征及找矿方向

扎西康铅锌锑银矿区主要出露下侏罗统地层。矿区内目前发现的4个铅锌锑银矿体,主要充填于近南北向张扭性断裂破碎带及次级羽状张节理中,矿化强度从构造带中心向两侧围岩呈渐变过渡关系。初步分析矿床与北部的穷多江变质核杂岩、广泛发育的南北向断裂及侏罗纪地层有着密切成因联系。F42、F46、F48所围限的倒三角形区域内的侏罗纪地层、南北向深大断裂和褶皱核部区域,应为今后矿区及外围进一步探矿的重点和主要研究对象。     

鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷迁移演化与坳陷西翼油气成藏

鄂尔多斯盆地是我国陆上最重要的含油气盆地之一,本文以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘为研究对象,以地震反射资料为基础,主要采用地震剖面"层拉平"与"平衡剖面恢复"等技术手段,对天环坳陷形成与迁移演化历史进行了动态分析。研究结果表明:1)天环坳陷最早形成于晚侏罗世,后期由于受燕山晚期及喜马拉雅山期构造运动影响,坳陷核部逐渐向东迁移至现今位置,前后累计迁移距离约30 km;2)当坳陷核部向东迁移至有效烃源岩范围附近时,原先已形成的油气藏发生重新调整,油气向坳陷西翼高部位运移、聚集,从而形成了次生构造油气藏。     

西天山喇嘛苏铜矿成矿斑岩的岩石学、地球化学特征及成因探讨

位于西天山别珍套-科古琴晚古生代岛弧西段的喇嘛苏铜矿床是区内最大的铜矿床,与成矿作用有着密切关系的斑岩体为英云闪长斑岩、花岗闪长斑岩,是同源岩浆分异演化的产物,且花岗闪长斑岩可能属于岩浆演化晚期的产物。本区成矿斑岩的主量、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学特征表明,其富集大离子亲石元素,而相对亏损高场强元素,出现了较为明显的Ta、Nb负异常,初始锶同位素ISr和εNd(t=390Ma)值分别为0.7072～0.7076和-0.32～0.17,显示壳幔混合源的特征,利用Sr和Nd同位素估算其源区物质约有50%来源于地壳。岩石地球化学特征指示了其为典型钙碱性火山弧花岗岩,暗示其形成于大陆弧环境。结合区域地质背景,推测本区成矿斑岩是在洋壳俯冲作用下发生部分熔融,交代原先的地幔楔,并混合了部分下地壳的物质,经历分离结晶作用的产物,其形成可能与晚古生代准噶尔洋板块向南的俯冲作用有关。结合东西天山的成矿斑岩的地球化学特征对比研究,岩浆源区的差别可能导致不同类型斑岩型矿床的形成,斑岩型铜矿床的形成较斑岩型钼矿床可能有更少的地壳物质贡献。     

地震作用下边坡稳定性分析

考虑了边坡岩土体材料的动力特性以及地震特性,利用动力有限元时程分析方法对边坡在地震荷载作用下的动力特性进行了分析,采用最小平均安全系数对边坡稳定性进行了评价,并与拟静力法的结果进行了对比分析,对某具体工程实例计算结果表明该分析方法的可行性,可为地震作用下边坡工程设计工作提供一些有益的参考。     

二叠纪—三叠纪古气候研究进展——泛大陆巨型季风气候:形成、发展与衰退

巨型季风是指二叠纪—三叠纪期间泛大陆上存在的强烈季节风,它的形成与泛大陆的形状、海陆分布及大陆的纬向分布密切相关。从晚石炭世泛大陆的聚合至晚侏罗世—早白垩世泛大陆裂解,巨型季风经历了形成、发展到衰退的过程。在三叠纪,泛大陆很大且几乎关于赤道对称,巨型季风达到最大强度。它对古气候、古环境、古生物及沉积等都产生了深刻的影响,使泛大陆低纬度地区呈现出干旱和潮湿交替的气候特征,蒸发岩和红层广泛分布;高纬度地区温暖潮湿,煤层大量分布;科罗拉多高原(美国西部)、西特提斯(欧洲)和东特提斯(中国)等地的二叠纪—三叠纪沉积地层也显示了受巨型季风影响的特征。     

美国印第安纳州宾夕法尼亚系含煤地层和煤层简介

美国中部伊利诺伊煤田(跨伊利诺伊、印第安纳、肯塔基等三个州)的含煤地层为上石炭统宾夕法尼亚系。美国印第安纳地质研究所2006年编制的印第安纳州基岩综合地层柱状图建立了宾夕法尼亚系含煤地层的岩相层序,现将此岩相层序介绍到国内,对我们了解美国晚古生代煤田地质及阅读国外文献资料颇有帮助。     

Last glacial terrestrial vegetation record of leaf wax n-alkanols in the northern South China Sea: Contrast to scenarios from long-chain n-alkanes

Long-chain n-alkanols and n-alkanes in core sediments from the northern South China Sea (SCS) were measured to make a comparison during terrestrial vegetation reconstruction from ~42 ka to ~7 ka. The results showed that terrestrial vegetation record from long-chain n-alkanes matched well with previous studies in nearby cores, showing that more C₄ plants developed during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and C₃ plants dominated in the interglacial period. However, these scenarios were not revealed by terrestrial vegetation reconstruction using long-chain n-alkanols, which showed C₃ plant expansion during the LGM. The discrepancy during the interglacial period could be attributed to the aerobic degradation of functionalized long-chain n-alkanols in the oxygen-rich bottom water, resulting in poor preservation of terrestrial vegetation signals. On the other hand, the different advantages of functionalized n-alkanols and non-functional n-alkanes to record local and distal vegetation signals, respectively, may offer a potential explanation for the contradiction during the LGM when the SCS was characterized by low-oxygen deep water. Nevertheless, large variations on n-alkyl lipid compositions in C₃/C₄ plants could play a part in modulating sedimentary long-chain n-alkanols and n-alkanes toward different vegetation signals, thereby suggesting that caution must be taken in respect to the terrestrial vegetation reconstruction using long-chain n-alkanes and long-chain n-alkanols.     

Replacement of Dietary Fish Oil with Vegetable Oils Improves the Growth and Flesh Quality of Large Yellow Croaker （Larmichthys crocea）

We investigated the effect of the replacement of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils on the growth and flesh quality of large yellow croaker(Larmichthys crocea). The basal diet(FO) was formulated to contain 66.5% fish meal and 6.4% menhaden fish oil; whereas the other 3 experimental diets were formulated by replacing the fish oil with 50% soybean oil(SO50), 100% soybean oil(SO100) and 100% palm oil(PO100), respectively. The 4 diets were randomly assigned to 4 floating sea cages(3.0 m × 3.0 m × 3.0 m), and each was stocked with 250 fish individuals with an initial average weight of 245.29 g ± 7.45 g. The fish were fed to apparent satiation twice a day at 5:00 and 17:00, respectively, for 12 weeks. Experimental analysis showed that the specific growth rate of fish fed SO50 or PO100 were significantly higher than that of fish fed FO or SO100(P0.05), and crude lipid contents of ventral muscle and viscera were significantly lower in fish fed FO than in those fed the other 3 diets(P0.05). No significant differences in condition factor, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, gutted yield and colorimetric values of fish among the dietary treatments were observed(P0.05). Compared to FO diet, SO50, SO100 and PO100 diets led to substantial decreases in the liquid loss and water loss from fresh fillets(1 d, 4℃)(P0.05). Similarly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) values of fillets under different storage conditions(1 d, 4℃; 7 d, 4℃; 4 weeks,-20℃; 8 weeks,-20℃) decreased significantly after partial or complete replacement of fish oil with vegetable oils. These findings indicated that the growth performance and selected flesh quality properties(liquid holding capacity and TBARS value) of large yellow croaker were substantially improved by replacing dietary fish oil with vegetable oils.     

南太平洋所罗门群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼繁殖生物学研究

根据2012年9~12月所罗门群岛海域采集的353尾黄鳍金枪鱼Thunnus albacares样本,分析渔获物个体组成、性别比例、性成熟率和性腺指数等繁殖生物学参数。结果表明,捕获个体中包含大小两个群体;雌性群体个体规格明显小于雄性(p0.001)。春夏季9~12月雌、雄总体性别比为0.67︰1,显著偏离1︰1(p0.01);但性别比例与调查月份和个体大小密切相关,从9月到12月逐渐接近,至12月达到1︰1(p0.05)。性别比例随叉长增长逐步降低,叉长大于110cm个体中以雄性为主(p0.05),雌性比例与叉长呈现线性负相关关系,相关系数为-0.90,(p0.01)。雌、雄个体性成熟率和性腺指数在春末夏初间逐步增长,至11~12月达到最高;Ⅴ~Ⅵ期产卵个体比例增加,这表明所罗门群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼春夏季存在产卵群体,从10月开始出现产卵个体,调查期间12月产卵个体比例达到相对最高,并且性腺指数与叉长呈现正相关关系;更一步的分析表明,雌、雄个体初次性成熟叉长分别为97.4cm和103.7cm。对该海域黄鳍金枪鱼繁殖生物学的研究有助于了解该种群资源状况,对渔业资源评估具有重要意义。